Explosive-engine.



W.- H. SGHILLINGER.v

Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

3 SHEEDS-SHEET 1.

W. E; SGHILLINGEB. EKPLOSIVE BNGHiE.

APPLIOATION nun 51mm, 1910.

, Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

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W. H. SGHILLINGER.

' EXPLOSIVB ENGINE.

APPLICATION 11.21) JUNE 4, 1910.

196.9948 Patented Aug..5, 1.913.

erase WILLIAM HERMAN SCHILLINGER, 9F ROCK ISLJaND, ILLINOIS.

EXPLOEIVE-ENGINE.

oeaiso.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HERMAN SOHILLINGER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at .Rock island, county of Rock Island, State ofIllinois, have made a certam new and useful Invention in Explosive-Engines, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to explosive engines.

The object of the invehtion is to provide an engine of the explosivetype which is simple in construction, economical to manufacture andeilicient in operation.

A further object is to provide an engine of the type referred to whereinthe explosive charge is supplied automatically and under pressure.

A further object is to provide means for completely evacuating theengine cylinder of the gases and other products of combustion followingan explosion of a charge be-.

fore the next charge of explosive material is admitted to the explosivechamber.

A further object is to discharge the gases of each explosion by the useof compressed air, thereby preventing pro-ignition of the succeedingcharge, retarding carbonization, increasing the efiiciency of the freshcharge and promoting economy in the fuel required.

A further object is to provide means which are simple and efficient forcooling the engine, increasing the compression space, in-

Specification of Letters Yatent.

application filed June 4., ism. serial No. 564,956.

creasing the amount of the explosive charge,

thereby increasing the power developed, and securing two explosionsagainst the piston at each revolution of the engine, thereby doublingthe propulsive energy of a twocycle and quadrupling that of a four-cycleengine.

A further object is to provide means for compressing air at each strokeof the engine and utilizing the compressed air to clean out theexplosion chamber after each explosion, and also to inject the freshcharge into the cleaned out compression and explosive chamber.

Other objects of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in the construction, combination,location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will be more fullyhereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawings, andfinally pointed out in the appended claims.

Patented Aug. 5,1913.

Referring to theaccompanying drawings, and to the various views andreference signs 'apipearing thereon, Figure 1 is a" view in s1 eelevation of an engine embodying the principles of my invention. Fig. 2is a same. Fig. 3 is a detached, detail, broken view of a portion of thepiston packing rings. Figs. 4 and 5, are broken views in transversesection on the lines 4;, 4, and 5, 5, respectively, of Fig. 3. Fi 6 is abroken view in section, showing t e inlet for the compressed an to cleanout the explosion chamber of the gases and other products of explosion.Fig. '7 is a similar view showing the ignition plug. Fig. 8 isa similarview of the air compressor piston. Fig. 9 is a view in vertical sectionof the valve mechanism and its operating connections for contrplling thecleaning out or scavenging charge and the fuel supply charge ofcompressed anto the explosion chamber. Fig. 16 is a view partly insection and partly in elevation of the piston. Fig. 11 is a View invertical transverse section of the crank case. ,Fig. 12 is a view inhorizontal section of the same. Fig. 13 is a detached detail view insection of the crank shaft bearing side plate of the crank case. Fig. 14is a sectional view in perspective of the same. Fig. 15 is a brokendetail view in section showing the communication between the crank caseand the control valve casing.

reference sign wherever it occurs throughout the several viewsL.

In the construction and operation of engines of the explosive type, itis important to secure as large an area-of compression space as possibleso as to accommodate as large a volume of the explosive charge of propermixture as possible, thereby securing a .uiaximu nof propulsive force ateach explosi on. portant to completely clean out the explosion chamberof all gases, deposits and other products of each explosion so that thefresh charge of explosive mixture may not be -'weakened by admixturewith the exploded gases.

It is among the special purposes of my present invention to secure theseand other desirable objects in internal combustion or iexplosiveengines, and in carrying out my vertical, central, longitudinal sectionof the The same part is designated by the same invention, Ipropose to soconstructthe opafter said chamber has been cleaned out. I

also propose to compress the air into the reservoir afforded by thepiston, as above indicated by the operation of the piston itself, and tocontrol, automatically, and in suitably timed relation, the supply ofcharges of the compressed air for cylinder scaveng-I in and fuelsupplypurposes, said control being efiected by the operation of thepiston itself, and I propose to so construct and operate the piston thatthese results may be accomplished without employing exterior orauxiliary air compressing means or storage tanks, and without employingpiston rod packings, or stuflin boxes.

In the drawings have shown an operative embodiment of my invention asillustrative of the principles thereof, and as the best form in which Iat present contemplate applying those principles, and I have shown myinventionas applied to a double two cycle engine, but in this respect myinventlon, as defined in the claims, is not to be limited or restricted.

Reference sign A, designates that portion of the engine which forms thecrank case and the chamber in which the air compression 'takes'place.This portion of the machineis in the form of a cylinder, in which worksthe air compressing piston heads B, B, respectively arranged on oppositesides of the crank shaft G. This shaft is journaled in bearings D,formed in the side plates, E of the crank case. If desired, and in orderto secure an equally and evenly balanced operation of the engine, thecrank F, is arranged centrally of the cylinder A, and is connectedbetween the inner ends of two J, K, of the piston being arranged onopposite sides of the crank shaft C, and respectively operating in acylinder portion L, M, of smallerdiameter than the cylinder portion. A,in which the piston heads B operate, said piston heads B, however, beingformed with or connected to the double ended piston to move therewith.The extreme end portion of each cylinder portion L, M, in which thepiston ends J, K, respectively operate, forms a chamber N, whichconstitutes the compression and explosion chamber, into which theexplosive charge is die livered and where the explosion of the mixed airand oil takes place. These cylinder ortions L, M, are providedintermediate t eir ends with an encircling channel 0, which is open toatmospheric exhaust through the passage P, and the stroke of the pistonends J "K, is so regulated that when said piston ends are in theirextreme inner positions they ,uncover these exhaust channels 0. As shownin Fig. 2 the pistonend J has uncovered the exhaust channel 0, ofcylinder portion L,

while the piston end K, is at the outer limit of its stroke in cylinderportion M, and ready to be acted upon by the compressed explosive chargein that cylinder portion. If desired, the cylinder portions L, M, may

be jacketed, as indicated at It, for cooling purposes. The compressedcharge may be exploded in any suitable manner, as, for instance, bymeans of a spark plug 20, in the usual way, and at the proper time.

In each end wall of cylinder A, is arranged an inwardl openingvalve 21,controlling openings through said walls to the outer air, and in eachpiston head 13 is arranged an inwardly opening valve 22. With thisarrangement it .will be seen that as the piston heads B,move with thepiston toward one end ofthe cylinder A, the air inlet valve 21, at thatend of the cylinder toward which the piston heads move is closed whileair is drawn into the cylinder through the inwardly opening valve 21,-at the other end terior piston chambers 23, which thus form V a storagereservoir for the compressed air. Of course the same operation of airintake and compression into the reservoir takes place during themovement of the iston and piston heads in the opposite direction.

The compressed air accumulated and stored, as above described isutilizedto expel the gases and other products of explosion from the explosionchambers N, following each explosion therein, and also is employed toforce a fresh charge of fuel or explosivemixture into the explosionchamber following each expulsion of the gases and other products of thepreceding explosion. At the same time the air which is compressed intothe hollow piston is being constantly changed by the successivecompressions of fresh air therein, thereby materially aiding inmaintaining the pistons cool under constant working conditions; I willnow describe means for utilizing the stored up compressed air forclearing the explosion chambers of the gases following each explosion,antlfor supplying fresh charges of the explosive mixtures thereto.

The compressed air reservoir comprising the interior of the cylinder A,the crank case, and the hollow pistons is in communication, throughpassage 24, see Figs. 2 and 11, with a governor valve casing 25, fromwhich deliver pipe connections 26, 27, to both ends 1 M, of the enginecylinder. The communications of the pipes 26, 27, with the compressedair reservoir through the governor valve casing are controlled bysuitable valves 28, 919,- respectively cont'ro-lling openings or ports30, 31, from the governor valve casing to the pipe connections 27, 26.The valves 2'8, 29, are carried by a stem 32, which carries a roller 33,held by spring 34, pressed against the face oi": a gear disk 35, havingcam projections 3'6, thereon, arranged to periodically move the valvestem 32, tooperate the valves 28, 29. The gear 35, maybe driven in anysuitable n'ianner. T have shown a simple arrangement wherein said 'ar isdriven from a car 37 on the tie crank shaft G. The cam projections 36,and the operations of the gears 37 and 35, are so arranged and timed. asto secure the desired and timely cycle of operation according to thedeslgn of the engine. If desired, and'in' order to regulate and adjustthe operation of the governor valves. I

mount the cam gear 35, upon a sleeve 38 the position. of which may beadjusted. A

simple arrangement for accomplishing this is shown, wherein the sleeve38, is carried by a stud 39, and is held by a spring 40, against' a camcollar 41, with which cooperates an adjustable cam sleeve 42. Byadjusting the position of the cam sleeve 42, the gear sleeve .38, andwith it, the cam gear 35, may be adjusted to vary and regulate the timeof opening of the governor valve chamber to the pipe connections 26, 27.Of course it will be understood that when one of these pipe connectionsopen to the compressed air reservoir the other one is closed to thesame. As above noted the pipe connections 26, 27, deliver to both endsof the engine cylinder. The pipe connectlon 26, is shown as employedtodeliver the compressed air into the explosion chambers N, after eachexplosion therein, to clean out the same. To this end each end of saidpipe connection delivers to a passage 43, which is controlled by aninwardly opening valve 44, and which delivers into the explosion chamberN. The operation is so timed that just as the p1ston' end J, or bi, asthe case may be, begins to open the exhaust channel 0, following anexplosion in the chamber N, the lower governor valve 29, is opened toadmit an pressure to the pipe connection 26, from the air is thus usedafter each explosion, it will be readily seen that not only are thegasesand other products of the explosion efliciently expelled from theexplosion chant ber without danger of becoming mixed with the nextcharge of fuel but the compressed air thus used while filling thecylinder with air and eliminating vacuum, also serves to maintain theexplosion chamber cool. By the time the piston end, in its movement inthe reverse direction, has closed the exhaust opening 0, P, theexplosion chamber will have been completely cleaned out of the gases ofthe previous explosion andfilled with clear air. The governor valve willalso then have operated to close communication between the governorvalve chamber and the pipe connection 26, and opened the communi-vcation betwcen said chamber and the pipe connection 27. The pipeconnection delivers at its ends into the generator chamber 45, withwhich also communicates the oil or fuel supply connection ,46. The blastof compressed air thus delivered to the generator chamber 45, alsocauses the fuel oil to also be forced into said chamber, and the mixtureof oil and air under pressure then passes through the passage 43,causing valve 44,

to unseat, and on into the chamber N, until the governor valve cuts oilthe communication between the air reservoir and the pipe connection 27.Thereafter the mixed explosive charge in chamber N, is compressed andexploded, thereby repeating the cycle of operation above described.

The piston ends and heads may be packed in any suitable o-r convenientmanner and by any desired arrangement of packing. A simple andconvenient form of packing is shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, wherein packingrings 47, 48, are used, the ring 47, being rabbeted, as indicated at 49,to receive the ring 48. Preferably the rings are lap jointed. Thepacking rings are inserted in channels or grooves formed in theperipheral surfaces of the piston ends and piston heads as shown.

In an internal combustion or explosion engine embodying the principlesof construc- 'tionand having the mode of operation above admitted,increase the compression space for the explosive charge. I also utilizethe crank case andthe interior space of the hollow pistons as a storagereservoir for compressed air and I control the supply of the compressedair for expelling the gases of each explosion and also for injectingfresh charges of explosive mixture under pressure into the explosionchamber. .1 also control the delivery of the compressed air for cleaningout the explosion chamber and for injecting the fuel charges,automatically-and adjustably. These and other advantages are attained inthe arrangement shown and above described.

An engine embodying in its construction the principles of my inventionis well adapted for use in any situation where a motor of this characteris desired, and may be operated with any suitable gas or liquid fuel tosupply the explosive charge.

Many variations and changes in the details of construction andarrangements of parts would readily suggest themselves to personsskilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of' myinvention. I do not desire, therefore, in the broadest scope of myinvention as defined inthe claims, to be limited or restricted to thedetails of striueturc and arrangement shown and described. But

Having now set forth the objects and nature of my invention, and aconstruction embodying the principles thereof, and having described thesame, and the purposes functions and mode of operation of the same, whatI claim as new and useful and 'piston for compressing air into saidchamber, fuel supply connections to the cylinder, independent pipeconnections intermediate the cylinder and said interior chamber, saidfuel supply connections communicating with one of said pipe connections,and valves arranged in said respective connections and controlled bysaid piston for controlling the delivery of a scavenging blast ofcompressed air from said chamber through the cylinder and to theatmosphere after each explosion therein and also controlling thedelivery of air and the supply of fuel to the cylinder afbercommunicating freely with the interior of said piston, means actuated bythe piston for compressing atmospheric air into said chamber,independent pipe connections between said chamber and the explosionchamber of the cylinder, a fuel supply. connection communicating withone of said pipe connections, a valve controlled by the piston fordelivering, air from said chamber and fuel from the fuel supplyconnection to the explosive chamber of the cylinder to form an operatedby the piston for controlling the other pipe connection between thecasing chamber and explosion chamber for controlling the delivery of ascavenging blast of air from said casing chamber through said pipe theouter air after each explosion in the ex plosion chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a -cylinder having an explosionchamber, a hollow piston working in the cylinder,

ing atmospheric air into the interior of the hollow piston, fuel and airsupply connections to the explosion chamber, said air supply connectionsbeing independent of each other and respectively communicating with theinterior of the hollow piston, and valve mechanism operated by thepiston for controlling said air pipe connections to control the supplyof compressed air from the hollow piston to said explosion chamber, andoperating to alternately deliver an explosive charge to the explosionchamber, and then a scavenging chargeof air through said chamber.

pair of cylinders having each an explosion chamber, connected hollowpistons respectively operating in said cylinders, means for compressingatmospheric air into the hollow pistons, independent fuel and air supplyconnections to each explosion chamber, and valve mechanism operated bythe piston for controlling the supply of compressed air from the hollowpistons to said respective connections, and operating to alternatelydeliver an explosive charge to each explosion chamber through one ofsaid connections, and then a scavenging charge of the air through theother of said connections and through each explosion chamber.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a pair of cylinders arranged'inline with each other, each having an explosion chamber,

crating in said cylinders, means operated by the pistons for compressingthe atmosand valve mechanism operated by the pistons for alternatelycontrolling the delivery of compressed air from the hollow pistons toboth of the explosion chambers following explosive charge, and valvemechanism also means actuated by the piston for compress- I 4. In aninternal combustion engine, a

connected hollow pistonsrespectively oppheric air into the interior ofsaid pistons,-

connection to and through the cylinder to icensee the explosionsftherein to expel the gases ofcompressing atmospheric air into theinterior chamber of the casing, a valve mechanism arranged in said pipeconnection, and mechanism operated by thepiston for actuating said valvemechanism to control alternately the supply of compressed air from saidcasin chamber to and,through said explosion chamber following eachexplosion therein ahd to said chamber to form the explosive charge.

7. In an explosive enginewa cylinderhaving an explosion chamberf-ahollow piston operating in said cylinder, air inlet and fuel supplyconnections to the explosion chamber, independent pipes connectedthereto, means for compressing air into the hollow piston, and a valvemechanism for alternately controlling the communication of said pipeswith the interior of the hollow piston. I

8. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, ahollow piston operating in said cylinder, independent air inletconnections, and a fuel supply connection to said chamber, said fuelsupply connection communicating with one of the air inlet connections,means operated by the 'pistons for compressing air into the interiorthereof, and a valve mechanism for effecting the alternate communicationbetween the interior of the hollow piston and said inlet and supplyconnect-ions.

9. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, ahollow piston operating in said cylinder, independent air inletconnections to said chamber, a fuel supply connection with one of said'air inlet connections, means operated by the piston for compressing airinto the interior thereof,

and a valve mechanism operated by the piston for effecting the alternatecommunication between the interior of said piston and said inletconnections.

10. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a

casing having an interior chamber, a valve in the end wall of saidchamber, to control communication into said chamber from the outer air,a piston operating in the cylinder and having a head working in saidchamber, a valve in said head to control a communication to the interiorof said chamber, whereby when said piston is moved atmospheric alr iscompressed into said chamber, pipe connections from said chamber to thecylinder and valve mechanism operated by the piston and controlling saidpipe connections, for utilizing the compressed air to first supply thecylinder with an explosive charge to operate the pistons and then toscavenge the same.

11. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, andalso an interior chamber, a piston having a head operating in saidinterior chamber,- coiiperating valves in the end wall of said interiorchamber and in said head, whereby when the piston is operatedatmospheric air is compressed into said interior chamber, and a valvemechanism operated by the piston for controlling the supply of thecompressed air from said interior chamber to the explosion chamber toexpel the gases therefrom following each explosion therein.

12. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber ateach end thereof, a piston working in said cylinder, an air reservoir,means operated by the piston for compressing air into the reservoir, avalve chest, independent pipes delivering therefrom to each of bothexplosion chambers, said valve chest also in communihaving an explosionchamber at each end thereof, a piston working in said cylinder, saidpiston being hollow, means for compressing air into said hollow piston,a valve chest communicating with the interior of "the piston, valvesoperating in said chest,

independent pipes communicating between said .chest and each of saidchambers, and means for operating said valve to alternately open saidpipes to said respective chambers.

14. In an explosive engine, a cylinder havingan explosion chamber, ahollow piston, means operated thereby for compressing air thereinto, avalve chest communicating with the interior of said piston, and havingindependent communications with said chamber, valves for controllingsaid respective communications, and means for operating said valvesalternately.

15. in an explosive engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, ahollow piston, means operated thereby for compressing air thereinto, avalve chest communicating with the interior of the hollow piston andwith said chamber, valves for controlling said communications, andadjustable means for operating said valves.

16. In an explosive engine, a casing, a

cylinder and piston, said casing having an interior chamber, meansoperated by the piston for compressing air into the casing chamber,independent pipes communicating between said chamber and cylinder, avalve mechanism for controlling the supply of compressed air throughsaid pipes from said chamber to the cylinder, and a shaft operated bythe piston lor actuating the valve mechanism to admit the compressed airalternately to said pipes.

17. In an explosive engine, a casing, a cylinder and piston, said casinghaving an interior chamber, means operated by the piston for compressingair into the casing chamber, independent pipes communicating betweensaidch-aniber and cylinder, a valve mechanism for controlling the supplyof compressed air through said. pipes from said chamber to the cylinder,andinc'luding a valve stem, a cam for operatin said stem and gearingoperated by the piston movements for actuating the cam.

18. In an explosive engine, a casing, a

cylinder and iston, said casing having an interior chain er, meansoperated by the piston for compressingair into the casing chamber,independent pipes communicating between said chamber and cylinder, avalve mechanism for controlling the supply of compressed air throughsaid pipes from said chamber to the cylinder, and including a valvestem, a cam for operating said stem,

means for adjusting the cam relative to the stem, and gearing operatedby the piston for actuating the cam.

